Jane Goodall

Jane Goodall 是一位英国的灵长类动物学家、行为学家和环保主义者，她的工作重新定义了人与动物的关系。六十多年来，她揭示了黑猩猩会制造和使用工具，形成终生的家庭纽带，并能体验快乐和悲伤等情感。她的发现，发表在《黑猩猩在我心中》以及无数《国家地理》的文章中，颠覆了科学界。

Goodall 于 1977 年创立了 Jane Goodall Institute，并于 1991 年发起了 Roots & Shoots，这是一个活跃在 60 多个国家的青少年项目。她于 2002 年起担任联合国和平使者，并撰写了 32 本书，其中包括 15 本儿童读物。她的荣誉包括总统自由勋章和爵士封号。她于 2025 年以 91 岁高龄去世，但她关于希望和行动的信息通过数百万年轻人继承和发扬光大。[编辑]

Jane Goodall 于 1934 年出生在伦敦的 Hampstead，从小就对动物着迷。一岁时，她会把蚯蚓带进被窝。四岁时，她躲在鸡舍里几个小时观察母鸡下蛋，并得意洋洋地走了出来。她的父亲给了她一个名叫 Jubilee 的毛绒黑猩猩玩具，她珍藏了几十年。

第二次世界大战使家庭分离；她的父亲是一位商人，加入了军队，Jane 和她的母亲则搬到了乡下。她如饥似渴地阅读《泰山》和《怪医杜利特》等书籍，梦想着去非洲。在学习了秘书课程后，她在牛津和伦敦工作，攒钱去肯尼亚旅行。1957 年，一位朋友邀请她去肯尼亚高地的农场做客。在那里，她遇到了古生物学家 Louis Leakey。Leakey 需要一个有耐心、不受学术理论影响的人来研究黑猩猩。Leakey 聘请她担任 Olduvai Gorge 考古发掘的秘书，然后提出了 Gombe 的研究计划。他认为她开放的心态比学位更有价值。

1960 年 7 月，Goodall 来到 Gombe Stream National Park，这是一个位于 Tanganyika 湖畔的陡峭森林保护区。她当时 26 岁，没有受过科学训练，只有一顶帐篷和一个名叫 Dominic 的船夫。黑猩猩们躲避了她好几个月。她用双筒望远镜在山脊上观察，了解它们的习性。到 11 月，一只名叫 David Greybeard 的黑猩猩允许她靠近。它将引领她取得突破。[编辑]

1960 年 10 月，David Greybeard 蹲在一个白蚁丘旁，剥去一根树枝的叶子，然后将其插入蚁穴。Goodall 看到它用树枝钓出白蚁。非人类动物使用工具。她给 Leakey 发了电报：“现在我们必须重新定义工具，重新定义人类，或者接受黑猩猩是人类。”

《国家地理》资助了她的工作，并派来了摄影师 Hugo van Lawick，她于 1964 年与他结婚。他们的电影和文章使 Goodall 成为家喻户晓的人物。她于 1965 年获得了剑桥大学的博士学位，这在她没有学士学位的情况下是一个罕见的例外。她的书《黑猩猩在我的心中》（1971 年）成为 48 种语言的畅销书。

在 1970 年代，她记录了 Gombe 两个黑猩猩社群之间持续四年的战争，证明暴力并非人类独有。1977 年，她创立了 Jane Goodall Institute，以保护黑猩猩及其栖息地。1986 年，在一次会议揭示了栖息地破坏和丛林肉贸易的规模后，她停止了在 Gombe 的生活。从那时起，她成为了一名全职活动家，每年旅行 300 天，发表演讲、游说和筹款。1991 年，她发起了 Roots & Shoots，现在已成为一个全球性的青年网络。她一直讲到 80 多岁，尽管需要助行器，但从未放慢脚步。[编辑]

Goodall 的公众形象以她冷静、耐心的举止和标志性的制服定义：卡其色衬衫、短裤，以及用简单的发带扎起的马尾辫。在照片中，她常常蹲在与黑猩猩视线齐平的高度，表情柔和，双手静止。她说话声音轻柔而有条理，带有道德权威，却不的说教。

媒体报道从科学发现转向了保护倡导。她因将黑猩猩拟人化而受到一些灵长类动物学家的批评，他们认为应该给黑猩猩编号而不是命名。但公众喜爱她。粉丝们寄来的信件只写着“Jane Goodall, Africa”。她亲手回复了许多信件。

她的社交媒体由研究所管理，但她个人的声音通过书籍和采访得以体现。她常说她最大的希望在于年轻人。她称之为“希望的理由”的 Roots & Shoots 网络，成为了她不朽的遗产。她从不出卖自己，也从不软化她的信息：她直言不讳地批评工厂化养殖、森林砍伐和动物实验。[编辑]

Jane Goodall's legacy is sustained not by a branded fanbase but by a global network of conservationists and youth activists mobilized through the Jane Goodall Institute and its Roots & Shoots program. Her supporters, often identified simply as members of this movement rather than adherents to a specific cult of personality, channel their devotion into tangible environmental action and community-led development across more than 60 countries. This unique structure transforms admiration into advocacy, with followers organizing charity drives and participating in memorial tributes that honor her life work rather than seeking celebrity worship. Following her passing in October 2025, the community coalesced around celebrating her enduring influence, viewing her final messages as a call to moral duty and spiritual connection with the natural world. Within this vast ecosystem of influence, her standing remains formidable according to the iFANN Global Fame Rankings. She is currently ranked as the 30th most famous person in Creators & Influencers, a position she has held steady from the previous cycle. This placement reflects a global attention span that tracks media coverage, search activity, and cultural consumption signals worldwide. The ranking confirms her status as a figure whose impact transcends the scientific community to become a universal symbol of hope and ethical responsibility.[编辑]

Born Valerie Jane, she was known affectionately as Jane to her family. A stuffed chimpanzee named Jubilee, a gift received at age one, remained on her dresser for her entire life. She famously refused to own a television, dismissing it as a waste of time. Her ability to mimic chimpanzee vocalizations, including the pant-grunt greeting, allowed her to soothe anxious subjects during fieldwork. In 1996, she received the Kyoto Prize, awarding $500,000 which she immediately directed to fund the Jane Goodall Institute. During World War II, she actively collected scrap metal and expressed delight when a neighbor donated a used toothpaste tube to her pile. A legendary moment in primatology occurred when she observed chimpanzees modifying twigs to fish for termites, a discovery that shattered the belief that tool use was exclusively human. Another enduring story involves her decision to name the chimpanzees she studied, such as David Greybeard and Flo, rather than assigning them numbers, a practice that revolutionized behavioral studies and sparked controversy before becoming iconic. Posthumous tributes included a 'City of Science' event at CUNY and the release of her final interview, cementing her place in history.[编辑]

Goodall 的母亲 Margaret “Vanne” Morris-Goodall 是一位秘书，她鼓励 Jane 的好奇心。当 Jane 把一把蚯蚓带回家时，Vanne 说：“如果你要研究动物，你必须耐心和安静。”她的父亲 Mortimer Morris-Goodall 是一位商人，后来成为一名士兵。Jane 12 岁时，他与 Vanne 离婚了。

她唯一的兄弟姐妹，一个叫 Judy 的妹妹，比她小四岁。Judy 成了一名秘书，后来在 Jane Goodall Institute 工作。

Goodall 的儿子 Louis Henry van Lawick，昵称“Goody”，于 1967 年出生。他在 Gombe 长大，后来成为坦桑尼亚的一名造船师。他结婚并育有三个孩子，Goodall 因此有了三个孙子孙女：Nick、Angel 和 Merlin。

她的第二任丈夫 Derek Bryceson 于 1985 年去世后，Goodall 有一段时间独自住在 Dar es Salaam，然后搬到英国 Bournemouth 的一栋小房子里，她的母亲就住在那儿。晚年，她在英国和洛杉矶的一处住所之间分配时间，最终在洛杉矶去世。[编辑]

路易斯·利基是古道尔的导师，并将她派往贡贝。她嫁给了野生动物摄影师雨果·范·劳威克，他为《国家地理》记录了她的早期工作。她的第二任丈夫德里克·布赖斯森是坦桑尼亚的政治家和环保主义者。她的儿子路易斯·“古迪”·范·劳威克在贡贝长大，后来在坦桑尼亚做了一名造船师。[编辑]

珍·古道尔结过两次婚。1964 年，她嫁给了雨果·范·劳威克，一位荷兰野生动物摄影师，由《国家地理》派来拍摄她的工作。他们的儿子路易斯·亨利于 1967 年出生。这对夫妇于 1974 年离婚，部分原因是古道尔长期留在贡贝导致的分居。1975 年，她嫁给了德里克·布赖斯森，一位坦桑尼亚政治家和环保主义者。布赖斯森支持她的研究，并帮助保护贡贝国家公园。他于 1985 年死于癌症。古道尔再婚。她与儿子和孙子们保持着亲密关系，并经常说她对自己的个人选择没有任何遗憾。截至 2026 年，她已成为寡妇。[编辑]

Jane Goodall died on October 1, 2025, at the age of 91. The specific location of her passing remains unrecorded in public statements. No official cause of death was released by her family or the Jane Goodall Institute. Tributes followed immediately, with the New York Times publishing an obituary that highlighted her six decades of research into chimpanzee social lives and her role in redefining human identity. In March 2026, the New York State United Teachers issued a poster for Women's History Month, while the City of Science at CUNY hosted a retrospective event titled "Jane Goodall and Her Legacy" in January of that year. A Netflix Tudum feature released in April 2026 presented exclusive final words from the primatologist. August 2026 marked the declaration of April 3 as the first annual "Jane Goodall Day" by the Jane Goodall Institute to honor her birthday. Subsequent initiatives included a quantum computing research program launched in July 2026 to explore ecological roots of conflict.[编辑]

Per iFANN's editorial analysis, Jane Goodall's estate holds an estimated net worth of $10 million following her death in 2025. Her financial foundation was built upon substantial earnings from book royalties, with titles like In the Shadow of Man and Reason for Hope selling millions of copies globally. At the height of her career, she commanded speaking fees ranging from $50,000 to $100,000 per engagement, delivering over 300 talks annually. While the Jane Goodall Institute provided a modest salary, significant wealth accumulation resulted from major awards, including the $500,000 Kyoto Prize and the Templeton Prize, which exceeded $1 million and were fully donated to the Institute. Even after her passing, her estate continues to generate revenue through ongoing book sales and documentary film rights.[编辑]

简·古道尔于 1996 年获得京都奖，2002 年获得坦普尔顿奖，2025 年获得美国总统自由勋章。她于 2003 年被任命为大英帝国司令勋章（Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire）。国家地理学会于 1995 年授予她哈伯德奖章。她还于 2003 年获得了西班牙阿斯图里亚斯亲王科学技术研究奖。[编辑]