Joan of Arc

Joan of Arc was a national heroine of France and a canonized Catholic saint, remembered as the teenage peasant girl who helped turn the tide of the Hundred Years' War. Born around 1412 in the village of Domrémy, she claimed to receive visions from saints and the archangel Michael instructing her to drive the English from France and see the disinherited Charles VII crowned king. That conviction, extraordinary in a young woman of no rank, propelled her from rural obscurity to the center of a nation's struggle.

Her legend rests on a stunning few years of action. Granted an audience with Charles and given a role in the army, she helped lift the siege of Orléans and inspired a demoralized French force to a string of victories that opened the road to Reims, where Charles was crowned. Captured by Burgundian forces and handed to the English, she was tried by a church court and burned at the stake in 1431, not yet twenty years old. Decades later her conviction was overturned, and centuries after that she was declared a saint.

Joan endures as one of history's most compelling figures, a symbol of faith, courage, and patriotism whose story has inspired countless retellings in books, films, and art. Her feast day is May 30, and she is the patron saint of soldiers, prisoners, and France. [编辑]

贞德在百年战争期间出生在法国东北部洛林地区的一个小村庄栋雷米。她的父母雅克·达尔克和伊莎贝拉·罗马是佃农，饲养牲畜并耕种庄稼。村庄位于巴尔公国，尽管被亲勃艮第的领土包围，但当地人民仍然忠于阿马尼亚克派。1425年，栋雷米遭到袭击，牲畜被盗，这加剧了当地人对英国及其勃艮第盟友的敌意。

贞德从未学会读写。她的母亲教她缝纫和纺纱等家务技能，她还帮助父亲耕作，照看动物。一家人经常去教堂，贞德接受了严格的宗教教育。大约13岁时，她开始经历幻觉和听到她认为是神圣的声音。她报告说看到了天使长圣迈克尔、圣凯瑟琳和圣玛格丽特，他们最初指示她要善良，要去教堂。随着时间的推移，声音变得越来越紧迫，告诉她她有一个伟大的使命：将英国人赶出法国，并让太子查理在兰斯加冕为国王。

大约16岁时，贞德决定采取行动。她找到了沃库勒当地指挥官罗伯特·德·博德里库尔，请求护送她前往皇家宫廷。他两次拒绝了她，但她坚持不懈，最终于1429年初在希农觐见了太子。[编辑]

贞德于1429年2月抵达希农，并说服查理七世允许她加入战争。普瓦捷的神学家们对她进行了审查，没有发现任何邪恶之处，于是她获得了盔甲、一面饰有鸢尾花和耶稣与玛丽名字的旗帜，以及一匹白马。她第一次重大行动是在1429年4月至5月的奥尔良围城战中。她带领士气低落的法国军队，在九天内激励他们解除了围困，这是战争的转折点。这场胜利为她赢得了“奥尔良少女”的绰号。

继奥尔良之后，贞德领导了卢瓦尔河谷战役，在1429年6月攻占了雅尔戈和赢得了帕提战役。这些胜利为通往兰斯铺平了道路，查理七世于1429年7月17日在那里加冕为国王，贞德站在他身旁，手持她的旗帜。1430年5月，在贡比涅附近的一场小冲突中，她从马上摔下，被勃艮第军队俘虏，勃艮第人将她卖给了英国人。1431年1月9日，她在鲁昂的一个教会法庭受审，罪名是异端。她因穿着男装和受到恶魔启示而被定罪，于1431年5月30日被处以火刑，年仅19岁。1456年的宣告无效审判推翻了定罪，她于1920年被封为圣人。[编辑]

贞德通常被描绘成身穿盔甲，手持饰有鸢尾花的白色旗帜，常常留着短发，穿着男装。她被描绘成勇气、信仰、爱国主义和神圣信念的象征。她的形象在数百部电影、戏剧、书籍和艺术作品中得到了诠释，从宗教殉道者到女权主义偶像再到军事英雄。天主教徒尊崇她为圣人，而法国民族主义者则庆祝她为民族英雄。每年的5月30日瞻礼日庆祝活动包括前往栋雷米和鲁昂的朝圣、历史重演和学术会议。教育性的记述侧重于历史的准确性，而天主教的记述则强调她的精神意义。[编辑]

Joan of Arc commands a devotion that transcends the modern definition of fandom. There is no organized group calling themselves by a specific name, nor are there fan-funded subway ads or birthday billboards for the 15th-century peasant girl turned military leader. Instead, her following consists of devotees, historians, and cultural admirers who interact with her legacy through religious veneration and academic study. Her story serves as a narrative of resilience against occupation and injustice, inspiring individuals facing oppression to seek moral courage. Communities gather today not to stream a new single, but to reflect on themes of saintly patriotism and divine guidance in theatrical productions and theological discussions. This enduring reverence functions as a form of worship rather than celebrity worship, cementing her status as a symbol of freedom and independence across centuries. The iFANN Global Fame Rankings track this unique blend of historical weight and cultural consumption worldwide. Joan of Arc is currently the 368th most famous person in the world, holding steady from the previous cycle. She ranks as the 20th most famous person in France and stands as the 15th most famous person from France. In Europe, she holds the position of the 92nd most famous person in Europe. Within the pop culture sphere, she is recognized as the 72nd most famous person in Pop.[编辑]

Joan dictated her letters to scribes because she could not write herself. Her trial transcript remains one of the most complete medieval documents, preserving extensive eyewitness accounts of her proceedings. She wore men's clothing, a choice that became a central charge during her trial. The French royal family paid a ransom of 10,000 livres after her capture, yet the English refused to release her. Her birthplace, Domrémy, was renamed Domrémy-la-Pucelle in her honor. She correctly predicted the outcome of a military engagement at Orléans, which convinced Charles VII of her divine mission. A sword she claimed was guided by voices was discovered behind the altar of the church of Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois. Legends still retell how her presence lifted the siege of Orléans, turning the tide of the Hundred Years' War despite her lack of military training. The story of her martyrdom, where she refused to recant her visions even under threat of death, defines her tragic arc. A posthumous retrial in 1456 declared her innocent, leading to her canonization as a saint in 1920.[编辑]

贞德的父亲雅克·达尔克是一名农民和村官，母亲伊莎贝拉·罗马则负责她的宗教教育。她有三个哥哥，让、皮埃尔和雅克，还有一个姐姐叫凯瑟琳。一家人住在栋雷米一个简朴的家里，虔诚地信奉基督教。贞德从未结婚，也没有孩子。她作为神圣使命的一部分发誓独身。在她去世后，她的母亲和兄弟们参与了宣告无效审判的请愿。[编辑]

圣女贞德的故事与她帮助加冕的太子查理七世息息相关。她遭到了审判的主持者皮埃尔·考雄主教的反对。沃库勒尔当地指挥官罗伯特·德·鲍德里库特最初拒绝了她，后来批准了她的使命。勃艮第公爵菲利普 the Good（她的军队俘虏了她）和英格兰国王亨利六世（她反对他的王位要求）是关键的对手。她报告说看到了圣迈克尔、圣凯瑟琳和圣玛格丽特的异象。[编辑]

圣女贞德从未结婚，也没有已知的恋爱关系。历史记录表明，在她大约16岁时，她的家人曾安排过一次可能的婚姻，但圣女贞德拒绝了，并在教会法庭上成功地驳斥了这桩婚约。她作为神圣使命的一部分发誓了童贞。没有任何可信的历史记录表明她有过任何恋爱或性关系。作为一位被封为圣人且具有历史意义的人物，她目前没有感情关系状态。[编辑]

Immediate mourning was absent in the streets of Rouen, where many viewed her as a traitor or witch rather than a martyr. The public spectacle concluded with her body consumed by flames, leaving only ashes that were cast into the Seine River to prevent veneration as relics. On May 30, 1431, she stood bound to a post in the Old Market Square following a mass at the church of Saint-Sauveur, reciting the name of Jesus as the fire took hold. While some later accounts suggested she may have been strangled before the flames fully consumed her, this remains an unconfirmed detail within the trial transcripts. The legal aftermath transformed her legacy through the Nullification Trial initiated in 1455 by Pope Callixtus III at the request of her mother, Isabelle Romée.

This inquiry annulled the original verdict of heresy seven years after her death, declaring the proceedings procedurally flawed and politically motivated. Her family focused their efforts on justice and the restoration of her honor, which the papal ruling ultimately secured. Centuries later, the Catholic Church canonized her as a saint on May 16, 1920, establishing her feast day on May 30. Modern tributes include annual vigils, memorial murals, and artistic works like the 1928 silent film The Passion of Joan of Arc, cementing her status as a co-patroness of France.[编辑]

Joan of Arc died in 1431 with no personal wealth. Per iFANN's editorial analysis, her net worth is estimated at $0. As a historical and religious figure, she has no living net worth. The Catholic Church manages her legacy through the veneration of saints. No monetary value is assigned to her historical legacy.[编辑]

圣女贞德生前并未获得过正式的奖项。她于1920年被天主教会追封为圣人，并被尊为法国的国家英雄。[编辑]