Leslie Groves

莱斯利·格罗夫斯是美国陆军工兵部队军官，以指挥曼哈顿计划而闻名，该计划是二战期间研发原子弹的秘密项目。他还监督了五角大楼的建设。格罗夫斯的职业生涯中，他担任了越来越重要的角色，赢得了干劲十足、务实的军官声誉。他管理了曼哈顿计划的庞大规模，选择了关键的研究和生产地点，指导建设，并做出了导致原子弹诞生的关键决策。以中将身份从陆军退役后，他成为斯佩里兰德公司的副总裁。格罗夫斯于1970年去世，但他作为核武器发展的关键人物和二战历史中的重要角色，其遗产至今仍被认可。[编辑]

小莱斯利·理查德·格罗夫斯于1896年8月17日出生在美国纽约州奥尔巴尼。他是陆军牧师老莱斯利·理查德·格罗夫斯及其妻子的四个孩子中的老三。作为军人之子，格罗夫斯的童年因父亲频繁调任而不断随迁至全国各地的军事设施和驻地。这种频繁的迁徙培养了他深厚的适应性和纪律性。尽管父亲因职责经常缺席，但他通过信件保持了塑造性的影响，敦促年幼的莱斯利培养勇敢、坚强和诚实的品质，这些教诲深刻塑造了他的性格。

1914年，格罗夫斯进入西点军校，在学业上表现出色，于1918年以班级第四名的成绩毕业。这一优异成绩使他直接受命加入享有盛誉的美国陆军工兵部队。在接下来的二十年里，格罗夫斯稳步晋升，担任了越来越重要的角色，巩固了他作为干劲十足、务实的军官的声誉。他的早期任务包括勘测拟议中的尼加拉瓜大洋运河，这是一个最终未能实现的庞大工程项目。十年后的1931年，在一场毁灭性地震夷平马那瓜后，格罗夫斯通过领导恢复城市供水的关键工作展现了卓越的领导力，因此被授予尼加拉瓜总统功绩勋章。他通过参加指挥与参谋学院和陆军战争学院进一步磨练了战略和指挥技能。

到1940年，格罗夫斯作为一位不屈不挠、高效完成的军官的威名已传遍陆军，导致他被任命为军需兵司令的特列建设助理。在这个要求苛刻的岗位上，他穿梭全国检查各种军事建设项目。这种监督大规模建设和后勤的广泛经验使他完美地胜任了下一个巨大挑战：五角大楼。1941年8月，莱斯利·格罗夫斯正式受命建造这座旨在容纳4万名战争部工作人员的庞大办公综合体，这标志着他蓬勃发展的职业生涯中的一个重要里程碑。[编辑]

1941年8月，格罗夫斯受命建造五角大楼，这是世界上最大的办公楼，旨在容纳4万名战争部工作人员。他以创纪录的速度推进该项目，首批人员于1943年初搬入。这一成功带来了他最大的任务：1942年9月，他被任命为曼哈顿计划的负责人。他亲自挑选J. 罗伯特·奥本海默领导洛斯阿拉莫斯实验室，不顾奥本海默左倾过往的安全担忧。他选择了该计划三个主要设施的地点：橡树岭用于铀浓缩，洛斯阿拉莫斯用于炸弹设计，汉福德用于钚生产。他在同位素分离方法上做出了关键决策，获取了原材料，甚至帮助选择了日本的目标城市。1945年7月16日，他出席了三位一体试验，目睹了第一次原子爆炸。战后，他监督了该计划向文职控制的移交，随后领导武装部队特种武器项目直至1948年退休。退役后，他在1948年至1961年间担任电子公司斯佩里兰德公司的副总裁。格罗夫斯因领导曼哈顿计划获得杰出服务勋章，因五角大楼工作获得功绩军团勋章，并被授予大英帝国荣誉骑士指挥官勋章。他还获得了意大利王冠勋章。[编辑]

格罗夫斯塑造了一种严厉权威的形象，总是身着军装，表情严肃。他以直率、专横的个性著称，被同事描述为傲慢但不可或缺。媒体对他的刻画，尤其是马特·达蒙在2023年电影《奥本海默》中的表演，强调了他务实、果断的领导风格以及与J.罗伯特·奥本海默的复杂关系。历史爱好者和二战爱好者对他的遗产争论不休：一些人视他为赢得战争的英雄，另一些人则认为他是开启核时代的人物。虽然没有官方的粉丝名称，但他是军事历史论坛和Reddit社区（如r/history和r/AtomicAge）的常客。格罗夫斯曾登上1945年《时代》和《生活》杂志封面，他的名言如“原子弹是必要的邪恶”至今仍被广泛引用。[编辑]

Leslie Groves commands a steady, enduring global attention rooted in his pivotal role as the military architect of the Manhattan Project and the Pentagon. His legacy is not measured by fleeting pop culture trends but by his permanent place in historical records regarding World War II and nuclear development. According to iFANN's latest evaluation from August 2026, Leslie Groves is currently evaluated but does not hold a placement in the published Global Top 1,000 rankings or any Top-100 scope list. While he remains a central figure in military history documentaries and academic study, he lacks a formal ranking position in the current global fame index. The audience surrounding his name consists primarily of historians, military enthusiasts, and students of the atomic age rather than an organized fanbase with a specific collective title. No formal fandom name exists for Groves, as his public interactions were strictly limited to official government duties during his lifetime. Unlike modern celebrities who mobilize supporters for birthday campaigns or streaming pushes, Groves' admirers engage with his story through archival research and historical analysis. His reputation endures as that of a decisive, sometimes controversial leader whose administrative rigor shaped the outcome of the war, yet he does not generate the viral engagement or celebrity-style rituals seen in contemporary entertainment figures.[编辑]

Groves was a heavy smoker who regularly worked 16-hour days while personally approving every scientist and worker on the Manhattan Project as a strict stickler for security. Despite his gruff reputation, he possessed a sharp sense of humor among close colleagues. He was one of the first to learn about the successful Trinity detonation, receiving a coded message immediately after the event. After the war, he testified before Congress in favor of civilian control of atomic energy, which led directly to the creation of the Atomic Energy Commission. His biographer Robert S. Norris famously called him 'the Manhattan Project's Indispensable Man.' Standing about 5 feet 10 inches tall, he died of a heart attack on July 13, 1970, in Washington, D.C. Historical accounts emphasize his appointment as head of the Manhattan Engineer District on September 17, 1942, marking the start of his most defining era. He is widely credited with overseeing the rapid construction of the Pentagon, which remains one of the world's largest office buildings. Groves also managed the logistics and execution responsible for the deployment of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. These verified events form the core of his cultural mythology, distinguishing him from entertainers with folklore; his stories are grounded in documented administrative achievements and somber historical significance rather than lighthearted legend.[编辑]

格罗夫斯于1922年与格蕾丝·赫尔伯特·威尔逊结婚。在他要求苛刻的职业生涯中，她是一位支持他的伴侣，在他频繁缺席期间管理家庭。他们有两个孩子：儿子理查德·赫尔伯特·格罗夫斯和女儿格温妮丝·格罗夫斯。格蕾丝于1960年去世，格罗夫斯从未再婚。他以一位尽职的父亲而闻名，尽管工作常常使他无法陪伴家人。这家人曾住在华盛顿特区，后来住在康涅狄格州达里恩。格罗夫斯的父亲老莱斯利·理查德·格罗夫斯是一名陆军牧师，向儿子灌输纪律和责任感。格罗夫斯还有三个兄弟姐妹，他的母亲是一名家庭主妇，在多次搬迁中支持家庭。[编辑]

格罗夫斯与J.罗伯特·奥本海默密切合作，奥本海默是洛斯阿拉莫斯的科学主任，尽管存在安全顾虑，格罗夫斯仍亲自选中了他。他的上级乔治·C·马歇尔将军批准了曼哈顿计划。肯尼思·尼科尔斯上校担任他的副手。物理学家欧内斯特·O·劳伦斯和恩里科·费米贡献了格罗夫斯支持的关键工作。在流行文化中，演员马特·达蒙在2023年电影《奥本海默》中饰演格罗夫斯，使其遗产重新受到关注。[编辑]

莱斯利·格罗夫斯于1922年与格雷斯·赫尔伯特·威尔逊结婚。她是唯一已知的伴侣，两人一直婚姻幸福，直到她于1960年去世。这对夫妇有两个孩子，理查德和格温妮丝。在格罗夫斯繁忙的职业生涯中，格雷斯一直是坚定的支持者，在他长期缺席期间管理家庭。她去世后，格罗夫斯没有再婚。他于1970年去世时是鳏夫。没有记录显示他有婚外情或其他公开关系。[编辑]

Leslie Groves, the United States Army Corps of Engineers officer who directed the Manhattan Project and oversaw the construction of the Pentagon, died on July 13, 1970. Born on August 17, 1896, in Albany, New York, he was 73 years old at the time of his death. The officially reported cause of death was heart disease. There are no disputed accounts, unconfirmed rumors, or reports of foul play associated with his passing. Regarding his final days and last public appearance, no specific dates or events detailing his immediate pre-death activities or the circumstances of his final hours were found in the provided search results, which focus primarily on his military service rather than his personal decline. Public reaction to his death was characterized by institutional tributes rather than mass public vigils or fan gatherings, reflecting his status as a high-ranking government official and military leader rather than a celebrity entertainer.

Notable tributes include the naming of Leslie Groves Park in Richland, Washington, which remains a community landmark used for recreation as of recent news updates. His contributions were acknowledged by the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Park Service, and the Los Alamos National Laboratory, which continue to publish profiles and historical analyses of his leadership during World War II. The Atomic Heritage Foundation and the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists have also produced oral histories and articles commemorating his role, with some modern publications revisiting his specific contributions to nuclear history, sometimes contrasting his role with that of J. Robert Oppenheimer. General Groves's funeral and burial details are not explicitly detailed in the provided search results regarding specific dates, locations, or attendees. However, given his rank and the nature of his service, it is consistent with military protocol that he received a formal burial.

He is interred at Arlington National Cemetery, a fact widely recognized in broader historical records though not explicitly confirmed in the specific text snippets provided here. Posthumously, Leslie Groves has been honored through various dedications and educational resources. A park in Richland, Washington, named after him continues to serve the public. The Atomic Archive and the National Park Service maintain dedicated pages on his life and work, ensuring his story remains part of the national narrative.[编辑]

iFANN currently estimates Leslie Groves' estate value at $8 Million as of 2026, adjusted for inflation. At the time of his death in 1970, his net worth remained modest, falling under $1 million, reflecting his career trajectory as a military officer and corporate vice president. The estate is actively managed by his descendants today. Revenue streams include book royalties from biographies like Robert S. Norris' Racing for the Bomb, licensing fees generated by documentaries about the Manhattan Project, and occasional sales of historical memorabilia such as letters and photographs. The 2023 film Oppenheimer significantly boosted interest in his archives, causing some documents to fetch higher prices at auction. However, since most of his work was government-related, intellectual property rights remain limited. Groves' estate also benefits from his posthumous recognition, including his rank of lieutenant general backdated to the Trinity test date.[编辑]

Groves因领导曼哈顿计划获得杰出服务勋章，因五角大楼的工作获得功绩勋章，因恢复马那瓜供水获得尼加拉瓜总统功绩勋章。他还被意大利授予意大利王冠勋章，被英国授予大英帝国荣誉骑士指挥官勋章。[编辑]