Elizabeth Taylor

伊丽莎白·泰勒女爵士是一位英裔美国女演员和慈善家，她的职业生涯跨越了六十年，从童星成长为好莱坞皇室。她被广泛认为是历史上最迷人、最具标志性的电影明星之一。泰勒凭借《青楼艳妓》（1960年）和《灵欲春宵》（1966年）两次获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，并主演了《朱门巧妇》（1958年）和《埃及艳后》（1963年）等经典影片。她是第一位谈判获得100万美元片酬的女演员，美国电影学会在1999年将她评为最伟大的银幕传奇女星第七名。在电影之外，她成为了一位开创性的艾滋病活动家，共同创立了amfAR并建立了伊丽莎白·泰勒艾滋病基金会。她独特的魅力和戏剧性的私生活使她成为公众强烈关注的焦点。泰勒在79岁时去世，留下了电影、香水和慈善事业的遗产。[编辑]

伊丽莎白·罗斯蒙德·泰勒于1932年2月27日出生于英国伦敦汉普斯特德，父母是美国人。她的父亲弗朗西斯·伦恩·泰勒是一位艺术品经销商，母亲萨拉·维奥拉·沃姆布罗特曾是演员。这个家庭在伦敦的家中享受着舒适而有教养的生活，周围环绕着艺术和表演艺术。随着战争的阴影笼罩欧洲，大约在1939年，当伊丽莎白七岁时，全家搬迁到洛杉矶。他们在南加州定居，父亲在那里开了一家画廊。正是在这里，她的母亲利用自己在行业中的关系，开始积极鼓励伊丽莎白进入新兴的电影世界。

十岁时，伊丽莎白迈出了进入演艺圈的重要一步，为环球影业试镜，并在1942年的电影《每分钟诞生一个孩子》中获得了一个小角色。米高梅公司很快发现了她的潜力，在同一年（也是十岁时）与她签约。她在该工作室的第一个角色是1943年的《灵犬莱西》。工作室高管很快认识到她巨大的潜力，并开始精心培养她，为她的更突出事业做准备。为了她在《玉女神驹》（1944年）中的关键角色，米高梅在她的发展上投入了大量资金，安排她矫正牙齿、提供广泛的骑马课程，并让她接受严格的体能训练。这种投入获得了丰厚的回报，《玉女神驹》成为她的突破性角色，使她在十二岁时就成为明星和家喻户晓的名字。在合同期间，她继续在片场与工作室导师一起接受教育，并成功完成了高中学业。[编辑]

在《玉女神驹》之后，泰勒成为米高梅最有价值的童星，出演了《与父亲生活》（1947年）和《小妇人》（1949年）。她通过《岳父大人》（1950年）转型为成人角色，并凭借《阳光照耀之地》（1951年）与蒙哥马利·克利夫特搭档获得评论界赞誉。史诗片《巨人传》（1956年）让她与詹姆斯·迪恩和洛克·哈德森合作，巩固了她的女主角地位。

泰勒在田纳西·威廉姆斯改编作品中的戏剧性表现大放异彩：《朱门巧妇》（1958年）和《夏日惊魂》（1959年）。她凭借《青楼艳妓》（1960年）获得了她的第一座奥斯卡奖，尽管她不喜欢这部电影。她最著名的角色出现在《埃及艳后》（1963年）中，她通过谈判获得了创纪录的100万美元片酬，成为世界上片酬最高的女演员。这部制作因延误和超支而饱受困扰，但她在片场与理查德·伯顿的恋情使其成为经典。

泰勒和伯顿于1964年结婚，并一起拍了11部电影，包括《大人物》（1963年）和《春风无限恨》（1965年）。他们最著名的合作是由迈克·尼科尔斯执导的《灵欲春宵》（1966年）。泰勒饰演玛莎的原始、不华丽的表演为她赢得了第二座奥斯卡奖，并被认为是电影史上最伟大的表演之一。在1970年代，她出演的电影较少，专注于电视电影和舞台作品。后来，她成功推出了包括“白钻”在内的香水系列，并全职致力于艾滋病活动。[编辑]

泰勒的公众形象融合了老好莱坞的魅力和小报丑闻。她以紫罗兰色的眼睛、沙漏型身材和奢华的生活方式而闻名，是原始的名人时尚偶像，经常佩戴钻石和设计师礼服。她的八次婚姻，尤其是与理查德·伯顿的两次，使她成为八卦专栏的常客。然而，粉丝们钦佩她的坚韧和直言不讳。晚年，她将自己重塑为一位严肃的活动家，利用自己的名气倡导艾滋病研究并消除该疾病的污名。她的声音，轻柔而从容，变得极易辨认。她在采访中有着温暖、经常自嘲的幽默感，这使她赢得了各个年龄段观众的喜爱。[编辑]

Elizabeth Taylor remains a towering figure in global culture, currently recognized as the the 94th most famous person in United Kingdom and the 69th most famous person from United Kingdom according to the iFANN Global Fame Rankings. These placements reflect her enduring resonance across media coverage and consumption signals worldwide. Her legacy is sustained not by a formal fan club with a specific moniker, but by a broad, multi-generational following often simply called fans of "classic Hollywood" or "Liz." This audience engages less through modern digital mobilization and more through archival preservation and cultural reverence. Recent efforts to save her Bel Air estate from demolition highlight this deep public desire to maintain her physical history. The mythology surrounding her includes verified iconic moments, such as the filming of Cleopatra where an affair with Richard Burton caused a media sensation so intense it led to the cancellation of the film's premiere in London due to massive crowds threatening to overrun the venue. Another legendary incident occurred at the Academy Awards, where she famously fainted on stage after winning her first Oscar for Butterfield 8, a moment broadcast live that became instant Hollywood lore. Her founding of amfAR in 1985 transformed her image from a glamorous actress into a serious humanitarian advocate, raising over $300 million for AIDS research while she battled her own health issues. Even decades after her passing, items like her Fendi Baguette handbag continue to set auction records, cementing her status as a style icon whose influence transcends her acting career.[编辑]

Taylor possessed a rare genetic condition called distichiasis, which gave her double eyelashes and striking violet-blue irises. She was the first celebrity to launch a mass-market perfume, White Diamonds, in 1991, which grossed over $1 billion in sales. Her collection included the famous 69.42-carat Taylor-Burton Diamond, purchased by Richard Burton in 1969. A close friend of Michael Jackson, she had her wedding to Larry Fortensky hosted at his Neverland Ranch. Taylor was a devoted animal lover who owned numerous dogs, cats, and a horse named Blue. Her favorite food was fried chicken, and she collected fine jewelry from Cartier and Bulgari. Baptized into Judaism in 1959 before marrying Eddie Fisher, she later returned to Christianity. Beyond these facts, legend holds that her marriage to Burton twice created a tabloid frenzy rivaling any modern scandal, with their divorce and remarriage dominating news cycles for decades. Stories also persist about her eccentric Easter parties featuring specific dishes like endive salad, treated now as nostalgic folklore shared by those who knew her.[编辑]

泰勒的父母是弗朗西斯·伦恩·泰勒，一位在伦敦和后来在洛杉矶经营画廊的美国艺术品经销商，以及萨拉·维奥拉·沃姆布罗特，一位前舞台演员，她鼓励女儿的事业。她有一个哥哥霍华德·泰勒，后来成为画家。泰勒结过八次婚，有四个孩子：与迈克尔·怀尔丁所生的儿子小迈克尔·怀尔丁和克里斯托弗·爱德华·怀尔丁；与迈克·托德所生的女儿伊丽莎白·“丽莎”·托德；以及与理查德·伯顿收养的女儿玛丽亚·伯顿。她还有十个孙辈。泰勒几十年来一直住在贝莱尔的一栋豪宅里，周围环绕着她的艺术收藏和宠物。尽管她形象光彩照人，但她常称自己是一个喜欢为家人做饭的家庭主妇。[编辑]

泰勒与理查德·伯顿关系密切，他是她两次结婚的搭档和挚爱。她曾与导演乔治·史蒂文斯（《巨人传》、《郎心如铁》）和迈克·尼科尔斯（《灵欲春宵》）合作。她的朋友包括蒙哥马利·克利夫特、洛克·赫德森和迈克尔·杰克逊。她是后来艾滋病活动家的导师，也是伊丽莎白·泰勒艾滋病基金会的长期支持者。[编辑]

泰勒结过八次婚，涉及七位丈夫。她的第一次婚姻于1950年与酒店继承人小康拉德·“尼基”·希尔顿，因他的酗酒和虐待在不到一年后结束。1952年，她嫁给了英国演员迈克尔·怀尔丁，育有两个儿子迈克尔和克里斯托弗；两人于1957年离婚。随后她于1957年与制片人迈克·托德结婚，这是一段幸福的婚姻，但托德于1958年在飞机失事中去世。托德的朋友埃迪·费舍尔安慰她，导致了一场丑闻式的恋情并于1959年结婚；1964年，她在《埃及艳后》片场爱上理查德·伯顿后离婚。泰勒和伯顿于1964年结婚，收养了一个女儿玛丽亚，并共同拍摄了11部电影。他们动荡的关系于1974年以离婚告终，但他们在1975年复婚，仅于1976年再次离婚。她于1976年与参议员约翰·华纳结婚，担任政治配偶直至1982年离婚。她的最后一次婚姻是1991年与建筑工人拉里·福滕斯基，她在贝蒂·福特诊所认识了他；两人于1996年离婚。截至2011年去世，泰勒单身，并表示她不会再婚。[编辑]

The announcement of Elizabeth Taylor's passing on March 23, 2011, triggered an immediate outpouring of tributes from global institutions and peers alike. The White House issued a statement honoring her legacy as an icon and humanitarian, while the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences held a moment of silence during their annual events. Fan vigils spontaneously formed outside her former Nimes Road home in Bel Air, where thousands gathered to leave flowers and memorabilia. Taylor passed away peacefully in her sleep at age 79 at her home located at 700 Nimes Road in Los Angeles, California. Her final days were spent under hospice care at this estate, marking a quiet end after her last public appearance in a commercial for White Diamonds in late 2010.

A statement released by her family through her representative confirmed she died due to heart failure resulting from long-standing health issues, including kidney disease, lung disease, and chronic pain management complications. No police investigation or legal ruling was initiated, as the death was determined to be natural consistent with her known medical history. A private funeral service was held on March 29, 2011, at St. John's Cathedral in Beverly Hills, attended by close family members including her children Michael, Christopher, Liza, and Maria, as well as select friends like Michelle Pfeiffer and Robert Redford. The ceremony featured readings from literature and songs performed by her son, reflecting her wish for intimacy in her final moments.

She was subsequently interred at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery. Posthumously, her legacy has been maintained through the continued operations of the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation, which remains active in HIV/AIDS research and advocacy. Her historic Bel Air ranch house, purchased in 1981, faced preservation efforts decades later, with restoration projects preserving her bedroom exactly as she left it. The estate remains intact and managed by her heirs, ensuring her contributions to film and philanthropy endure.[编辑]

iFANN currently estimates Elizabeth Taylor's estate value at $600 Million as of 2026. The bulk of her wealth originated from her film career, which peaked with a $1 million salary for Cleopatra in 1963. She also earned millions from her fragrance line, White Diamonds, launched in 1991, generating over $1 billion in lifetime sales. Taylor invested in real estate, owning homes in Bel Air and Palm Springs, and collected fine jewelry worth tens of millions, including the Taylor-Burton Diamond. Her estate continues to earn royalties from her films, perfume, and licensing deals, managed by her children and The Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation. Her net worth grew steadily after her death due to the enduring popularity of her brand.[编辑]

泰勒两次获得奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，分别是《青楼艳妓》（1960年）和《灵欲春宵》（1966年）。她还于1993年因其人道主义工作获得奥斯卡特别奖。她凭借《灵欲春宵》获得英国电影学院奖，并获得多项金球奖提名。她的职业生涯荣誉包括AFI终身成就奖和吉恩·赫肖尔特人道主义奖。[编辑]